Catholic Principles Self Social Community â€Myassignmenthelp.Com

Question: Discuss About The Catholic Principles Self Social Community? Answer: Introducation The catholic belief holds God at the center of everything and he ensures the love, justice and peace for all his creations (Vatican.va, 2017). The following principles of CST reflect Gods concern for social lives and are capable of guiding us to establish an intimate relationship between ourselves and others who are surrounding us. Human dignity and life This principle teaches us that human dignity is at the core of societys moral foundation (Rpke, 2017). Our life is sacred and we must treat our dignity as one of the necessary higher values to live a healthy life. The history of human civilization has experienced great changes in the society; the struggle was difficult at times. The human dignity guided us at such difficult times and it will. The present world has been suffering from acute materialism which leads us to ignore the dignity (Srnicek, Fotou Arghand, 2013). We forget or deliberately hurt other peoples dignity in order to satisfy our goal of pleasure. We tend to forget that God imprinted himself upon humans as the likeness encouraged him to do so. Catholic Social Teaching has a defined position regarding the beginning and ending of life that reflects in issues like abortion or euthanasia (Hitchcock, 2017). Human life and dignity is sacred. Therefore it is our responsibility to protect our dignity from getting corrupted. T he Catholic social thought encourages us to engage in a practice where the right of every innocent soul is protected. Common good Most humans place individual self at the centre of their life in the world because individualism has become the primary key force of life. Individuals create the community but not alone. The interdependence and coexistence of the individual are the basis of community practice. The self growth in various aspects of life like political, economic, legal or societal gets transcended and spreads in the global platform (Hopper, 2017). The common good is actually the good deeds that individual brings to the society and the mutual benefit that gets generated out of is shared by everyone. Government or other political institutions are active participants in the process of achieving common good (Walker, 2014). For an isolated individual it is difficult to achieve the common good but if we focus more on our collectivity than the self, we might be able to achieve the common good in greater number more successfully. The Government and the community consisting of individuals must work responsibly to achieve the common good and enhance the condition of human existence in the world. Subsidiarity Subsidiarity is capable of producing benefit for both the community and the government. If the issues are handled in a local level without the governments intervention, it can enhance the economic performance, efficiency and improve the society as a whole. The government is not expected to act as a dominating force rather should defend the common good of the people (McCann, 2014). The people should be allowed to work on their own to achieve their desired performance. Stewardship of his Creations Through the stewardship we can show our respect towards God. The high level of consumerism should not limit us to act as consumers only; we have other responsibilities towards Gods goods. The stewardship will guide us to fulfill our duties towards Gods creations and to improve their condition of life (Caritas.org.au, 2017). We have to do that as a community. The individuals must work collaboratively in taking care of Gods creations. We are just the bearers of Gods messages and must fulfill assigned tasks of God (Tozer, 2015). We do not have any authoritative power over any of Gods creations we are just assigned to take care of them. Purpose of Goods Every individual must possess equal right to the resources created by God; otherwise the universal flourishing of human kind cannot be achieved. Gods goods are in various forms like the benefits that individual or institutions achieve through profitable trades or the physical gain of human labor. However these are not to be consumed by individuals, every living being is given the equal right to it. The individual or collective greed works against the Gods purpose of individual goods. To reach the universal destination all men and women should follow the catholic principles and thus the challenges that occurred in stewardship and solidarity will be resolved (Kearns, 2014). Promotion of Peace Peace is beyond just the resolution of conflicts; it deals with lifes completeness. Peace can be achieved through mutual respect among individuals, institutions and nations. Catholic Social Thoughts represents peace as an action based positive idea which is in close relationship with justice (Groody, 2015). Peace can be experienced only when justice is achieved. The catholic teaching states that war can bring back the intended peace and there this belief is supported by most contemporary governments. Preferential option for the poor The suffering and deprivation of the poor affects the society and is capable of failing the purpose of Gods creation. Therefore it is our duty to create options for poor to develop and the benefit will be shared by us or society as a whole. The common good cannot be achieved if option for the poor is not integrated in the process. Like in the stewardship principle everyone must be given equal opportunity to fulfill the purpose of Gods goods is hampered if the options are not created for the poor. The marginal people of the society must be treated with special care and only this way a community can gain its healthy status. The well being of the poor and the community must be protected by establishing an effective social order (Curnow, 2015). The church suggests the government to implement social and national policies that concerns the well being of the poor. There are multiple social service groups that work for improvement and up gradation of the poor and contribute significantly by following the common social orders to improve the society as a whole. Participation The community cannot work effectively if everyone does not engage in participating. In order to protect the human dignity and common good the participation from everyone of the community is necessary (Reader, 2016). It is not expected that some are getting more opportunities and some are getting excluded from participation. The communal activities demand our participation as we demand justice from the society. Solidarity Catholic Social thoughts teaches us that solidarity helps us to achieve the common good as it has already taught us that all human beings create the large family and we are responsible for taking care of each other. The interconnected humans must embrace the solidarity in order to secure the progress of the whole society. The solidarity teaches us to treat everyone equally irrespective of their national, racial or cultural identity (Beyer, 2014). Flourishing The flourishing is not just achieving the desired goal for a temporary period of time. The flourishing must possess a sustainable quality which will differentiate it from momentary happiness (Neave, 2016). The collaborative nature of among the individuals and communities will ensure the human flourishing. Human being as social being We are all social beings. Our existence is difficult to imagine without the peaceful coexistence of other social beings. The individual human represents the family and the community and it is his duty to carry out the responsibilities within the community (Tonnies, 2017). Humans are defined by the relationships they maintain; otherwise the flourishing becomes impossible to achieve. It is not just the relationship among individual but also the relationship between the individual and the community. CST, Self and Community flourishing The individual flourishing is directly related to the community flourishing. Catholic Social Thoughts will lead the individual and the community to lead an substantial and meaningful life (Tablan, 2015). The human dignity, common good, solidarity or promotion of peace provides us with a common framework that prepares the platform for us to work on our relationships. Our smallest contribution can bring great changes in the society so we have to be careful about our contribution. Appreciation of hard work, protection of the poor and developing together are the principle desire in which the catholic thoughts help us. Catholic Social Thoughts is essential in our journey to maintain the relationship of self and community in order to achieve the ultimate good. Reference Beyer, G. J. (2014). The meaning of solidarity in Catholic social teaching.political theology,15(1), 7-25. Compendium of the social doctrine of the church. (2017).Vatican.va. Retrieved 12 September 2017, from https://www.vatican.va/roman_curia/pontifical_councils/justpeace/documents/rc_pc_justpeace_doc_20060526_compendio-dott-soc_en.html Curnow, R. M. (2015). Which Preferential Option for the Poor? A History of the Doctrine's Bifurcation.Modern Theology,31(1), 27-59. Groody, D. G. (2015).Globalization, Spirituality, and Justice Revised Edition: Navigating a Path to Peace. Orbis Books. Hitchcock, J. (Ed.). (2017).Abortion, Religious Freedom, and Catholic Politics. Routledge. Hopper, P. (2017).Rebuilding communities in an age of individualism. Taylor Francis. Kearns, A. J. (2014). Catholic social teaching as a framework for research ethics.Journal of Academic Ethics,12(2), 145-159. McCann, D. P. (2014). Who is responsible for the common good? Catholic social teaching and the praxis of subsidiarity. InThe common good: Chinese and American perspectives(pp. 261-289). Springer Netherlands. Neave, G. (2016). Contextual Issues: Learning and Human Flourishing.A Handbook of Chaplaincy Studies: Understanding Spiritual Care in Public Places, 301. Reader, J. (2016). Together for the Common Good.Journal of Beliefs Values,37(1), 118-120. Rpke, W. (2017).The moral foundations of civil society. Routledge. Srnicek, N., Fotou, M., Arghand, E. (2013). Introduction: Materialism and world politics. Stewardship of Creation - We must all care for and share the resources of the earth. (2017).Caritas.org.au. Retrieved 12 September 2017, from https://www.caritas.org.au/learn/catholic-social-teaching/stewardship-of-creation Tablan, F. (2015). Catholic social teachings: Toward a meaningful work.Journal of Business Ethics,128(2), 291-303. Tonnies, F. (2017).Community and society. Routledge. Tozer, A. W. (2015).The Pursuit of God: The Human Thirst for the Divine. Moody Publishers. Walker, G. (2014). Review of" The Common Good of Constitutional Democracy: Essays in Political Philosophy and on Catholic Social Teaching" by Martin Rhonheimer.Journal of Markets Morality,16(2).

Islam Relationships with the West

Introduction Islam is one of the major religious groups spread all over the world. Just like most religious groups derive their principles from holy books, Islam also follow their principles as enshrined in their holy book, which is known as the Qur’an. The devotees of this holy book deem it the word of Allah.Advertising We will write a custom term paper sample on Islam Relationships with the West specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Moreover, Islam adherents regard Prophet Muhammad as the prophet of God and his messenger to the world; they follow his teachings and examples which they regard as normative. Muslims are those individuals who identify themselves with Islam (acquiescence to God). The religious practices of Islam entail what they have been referred to as the Five Pillars of Islam; these concern all facets of life and the society at large (Maqsood, 1995). Islam Relationships in the West It is important to note from th e outset that the relationship between the West and Islam has never been sufficiently positive right from the start of the 20th century. The West has a perception that Islam is a religion mainly concerned with the act of terrorism (Al-Khattar, 2003). The West has therefore become more cautious when dealing with issues that regard Islam. Due to this fact, the relationship between the West and Islam is set to be the characteristic feature in the 21st century, especially with respect to the Middle East. The questions are the policy makers in the West should engage with the Islamic world, whether the spread of democracy in the Muslim regions stop the military forces that generates terrorism and the Western governments and populace deal with the swelling population of Muslims; and how all these will affect the foreign policies of countries like the United States of America (Bascio, 2007). Moreover, the relationship between Islam and the West has become critical. Both the West, especially the United States, and Muslims have never trusted each other as aggression and terror always come in the mid of the relationship that exists between Islam and the West. The fact is that the Western nations, particularly The United States, have become arrogant to the Muslim world on one hand. On the other hand, the Muslim world has continuously maintained militancy against the Western world. This scenario has placed the relationship in perpetual tension. The tensioned was heightened when the events of the infamous 9/11 took place on the soil of the United States of America in which many people of varied nationalities were killed. The United States respondent militarily and this led to even more tension between the two world’s.Advertising Looking for term paper on international relations? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More There is also political competition between the West and the Islam worlds. Both sides are determined t o dominate each other politically (Al-Khattar, 2003). It is no doubt that the west are worried that Muslim may surpass them in political terms. However, there are also cultural aspects to the relationship between the West and Islam. The Muslims on the other hand hold the fear that the west will disintegrate their culture. Due to this fear, the Muslim nations have always reacted defensively against the Western nations. In fact, the Muslims tend to decline almost everything that has originated from the West (Al-Khattar, 2003). Further, the Muslim world views the West not as a dialogue partner, but as a repressive colonizer and great enemy. In fact, Islam believes that the West should come to the spirituality of Islam; implying that the West should embrace Islam as a way of life. This has been argued to be one of the fundamental reasons the Muslim world started the project of Islamization and the proclamation of the Islamic science. To this day, the bond between Islam and Western natio ns is weak. The Spread of Muslim Culture in the United States The presence of Muslim culture in the United States of America started as early as 1880s when thousands of Islamic adherents migrated from the Empire of Ottoman and some regions of South Asia into the United States. At that time, the Muslims did not really have distinctive settlement and most probably they were assimilated into the broader society (Kayyali, 2006). The earliest Muslim documented to have been the first to enter the United States was known as Anthony Janszoon Van Salee; he moved to New Amsterdam around the year 1630. In 1921, Ahmadiyya Muslim Community became the oldest Muslim establishment in the United States of America (Scholz Frijhoff, 2007). The Muslim culture in the United States gained its widespread during the 20th century; much of the growth was accounted for by widespread conversion of those already in the United States and large numbers of immigration into the United States. So, it can be argued that that the Muslim culture in the United States is spread by three factors. One of the factors is immigration; the second one is continuous conversion amongst those who already lived in the United States. The recent immigration has accounted for the widespread of Islam in the United States. The third factor that may be considered significant in the spread of Muslim culture in the United States is cultural heritage; the Muslim couples in the United States only teach their children about Islam being the only true religion for them. It therefore means that as more Muslims give birth in the United States, they also spread their religious culture.Advertising We will write a custom term paper sample on Islam Relationships with the West specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Factors Contributing to the Growth and Population of Islam Culture in the United States One of the factors that significantly contribute to the growth and population of Islam culture in the United States is the belief that one should have as many children as he can. This implies that in the Muslim culture, birth control is not practiced and is not supported. Related to this belief is the fact that Muslims believe in poligyny; they can marry upto four wives and with the four wives, a Muslim man can sire as many children as he wishes or he deems appropriate. This scenario has raised the fertility rate amongst Muslims more than any religion or any society of individuals (Naim, 2002). The immigration policy of the United States is one of the contributing factors to growth and population of the Muslim culture. The migration policy that allow individuals to come all over the world to enter and work in the United States is significant and strategic for the Muslim communities to find their way into the United States; this is coupled with the fact that the policy does not place any form of restrictions to the effect of religious affiliations even through t he West in general is very much concerned with the increasing size of Muslim population in the region (Larkin, 2001). But, then, it may be difficult to stop the growth of the Muslim population in the United States because there are Muslims who have become citizens of the United States either by natural birth or artificially; these Muslims have rights just like any other citizens who are non-Muslims. Therefore, citizenship is one of the fact ors has ensured increase and growth in the population of Muslim culture in the United States. The fact is that as they give birth, the children automatically become citizens of the United States. It should also not be forgotten that the United States of America has granted its citizens the right and freedom of worship. By virtue of this fact, the population has the right to choose whether to become Islam adherents or not; the choice is personal (Larkin, 2001). Conclusion The relationship between the West and Islam has been full of tension and sus picion. The Western nations have viewed Muslim world and as a religion to be only concerned with acts terrorism. On the other hand, Muslim world has views the West as colonizers and enemies.Advertising Looking for term paper on international relations? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More The spread of Islam culture to the United States of America began in the 1880s during the reign of Ottoman. It is recorded that thousands and thousands of Muslim immigrated into the United States from the Empire of Ottoman between 1880 and 1914. Since then, the culture of Islam has gained widely spread in the United States. The spread of Muslim culture in the United States is facilitated by immigration, birth and cultural heritage. Factors that contribute to growth of Islam population and culture are the United States immigration policies and the rights and freedoms of worship. Reference List Al-Khattar, A. (2003). Religion and terrorism: an interfaith perspective. United States: Greenwood Publishing Group. Bascio, P. (2007). Defeating Islamic terrorism: an alternative strategy. U.S: Branden Books. Kayyali, R. (2006). The Arab Americans. U.S: Greenwood Publishing Group. Larkin, B. (2001). International Religious Freedom (2000): Annual Report: Submitted by the U.S. Department of Stat e (see 0-7567-1338-2 for ‘01 ed.). United States: DIANE Publishing. Maqsood, R. (1995). Islam. Examining religions. Orxford: Heinemann. Naim, A. (2002). Islamic family law in a changing world: a global resource book. New York: Zed Books. Scholz, M. Frijhoff, W. (2007). Fulfilling God’s mission: the two worlds of Dominie Everardus Bogardus, 1607-1647. Netherlands: BRILL. This term paper on Islam Relationships with the West was written and submitted by user Purple Fly to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

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THE EXCLUSIONARY RULE FRUIT OF THE POISON TREE DOCTRINE essays

THE EXCLUSIONARY RULE FRUIT OF THE POISON TREE DOCTRINE essays The Exclusionary Rule is a fundamental constitutional principle of criminal procedure law in the United States. Generally, it prohibits the criminal trial of any evidence seized or otherwise obtained in violation of Amendment to the Constitution. Under the Exclusionary Rule, improperly evidence that leads to the subsequent discovery of other incriminating automatically invalidates or "poisons" the newly discovered derivative same way that a poisonous tree taints the fruits growing on any of its While it derives from the Fourth Amendment, it is not actually anywhere within the text of the Constitution or its Amendments. In fact, judicially created more than a century after the Constitution was ratified the Fourth Amendment included within the Bill of Rights in 1791 (Tinsley). "The right of the people to be secure in their persons, house, papers, and effects, against unreasonable searches and seizures, shall not be violated, and no Warrants shall issue, but upon probable cause, supported by Oath or affirmation, and particularly describing the place to be searched, and the persons or things to be seized." At British Common Law, any evidence of guilt was admissible into and proof of guilt was considered to excuse any illegal conduct involved in it, even retroactively, in effect, functioning as an absolute defense on police or government authorities who violated the law (Tinsley): "where a Man arrests another, who is actually guilty of the Crime for which he is arrested, it seems, That he needs not in justifying it, set forth any special Cause of his Suspicion, but may say in general, that the Party feloniously did such a Fact, for which he arrested him In the nearly one and one quarter century between 1791 and 1914, criminal courts allowed the introduction of evidence establishing guilt in cases,...

Module Review 3 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

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Serotonin Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Serotonin - Research Paper Example The metabolism of serotonin takes place in the live. The product of metabolism is known as 5-HIAA. In the process of metabolism, serotonin is oxidized by monoamine oxidase to produce aldehyde. Aldehyde is further oxidized into 5-HIAA by aldehyde dehydrogenase. Large amounts of serotonin in the blood leads to certain forms of carcinoid syndrome of flushing. It also leads to diarrhea, and heart complications. Human beings who experience the production of large amounts of serotonin often suffer from tricuspid valve disease. This disease is caused due to proliferation of myocytes into the valve (Chattopadhyay, 2007). Serotonin is not only found in animals. There are plants and fungi that have serotonin. Worms and insects also have serotonin. This is manifested the pain caused due to their bites. Plant spines also cause pain to human beings. Other pathogenic amoebas have the ability to produce serotonin, the effect of the serotonin from amoeba leads to diarrhea. 5-HT receptors belong to the A rhodopsin-like G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs). These receptors are said to have seven transmembrane spanning helices which include; three intracellular and three extracellular loops, one extracellular amino-terminus, and an intracellular carboxy-terminus. The transmembrane helices are charged with the function of binding endogenous ligand serotonin. Serotonergic neurons are lovated at the dorsal and median raphe nuclei region of the brain stem. In addition, serotonergic neurons are responsible for the projection of nerve terminals to every region of the brain.... It also leads to diarrhea, and heart complications. Human beings who experience the production of large amounts of serotonin often suffer from tricuspid valve disease. This disease is caused due to proliferation of myocytes into the valve (Chattopadhyay, 2007). Serotonin is not only found in animals. There are plants and fungi that have serotonin. Worms and insects also have serotonin. This is manifested the pain caused due to their bites. Plant spines also cause pain to human beings. Other pathogenic amoebas have the ability to produce serotonin, the effect of the serotonin from amoeba leads to diarrhea (Chattopadhyay, 2007). 5-HT receptors belong to the A rhodopsin-like G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs). These receptors are said to have seven transmembrane spanning helices which include; three intracellular and three extracellular loops, one extracellular amino-terminus, and an intracellular carboxy-terminus. The transmembrane helices are charged with the function of binding endo genous ligand serotonin (Chattopadhyay, 2007). Serotonergic neurons are lovated at the dorsal and median raphe nuclei region of the brain stem. In addition, serotonergic neurons are responsible for the projection of nerve terminals to every region of the brain. There are primary targets for serotonergic projections in the brain. The main targets include the substantia nigra, hypothalamus, amygdaloid-hippocampal region, caudate, plutamen and nucleus accumbens. Other areas that are targeted by the serotonergic projections include cerebral cortial areas such as the frontal, occipital, insular, parietal, temporal, and cerebral cortices (Vanhoute, 1993). In the brain, the cerebral cortex region has several nerves of serotonin

How Should the US Address the Issue of Iran's Aspirations of Becoming Term Paper

How Should the US Address the Issue of Iran's Aspirations of Becoming a Nuclear Power - Term Paper Example Its ability to advance this agenda comes from international and regional developments, such as the end of the Soviet Union in the year 1991, stopping of the war between Iraq and Iran in the year 1988 and the fall of Saddam’s regime in Iraq. In this regard, the fuel bank theory will also be discussed in details. Moreover, the paper analyses the Iranian nuclear danger from a historical and decision making point of view. A theoretical framework for dealing with the Iran’s nuclear power situation is provided. It is explicitly clear that Iran’s desire for regional supremacy is as a result of it large territory, its significant geographical location, its large population, natural resources, contributions to human culture, status within the Islamic community and its military power (Ridgeon 37). Historical background In the recent years, Iran’s desire of becoming a nuclear society has attracted attention from the entire world. Many leaders globally have opposed th e Iran’s nuclear programs even though they claim it’s for peaceful use only. According to Iran, they wish to have the capacity to create material for research and power facilities. To a certain extend this argument is reasonable if at all there is inspection and accountability carried out regularly. The fuel bank theory is intended to offer assurances to third world countries and the world in general that reactor fuel suppliers can be relied on without fear of being manipulated politically. According to this theory, the underlying principle of guaranteeing suppliers for nuclear fuel is to develop original uranium enrichment capabilities. By doing this, countries will be put closer to the difficulty of defining threshold between weapons applications and peaceful uses. Despite opposition from world leaders such as the US president, Iran continues to gain equipments that can give them the ability to create nuclear weapons. It has also blocked all efforts to scrutinize the ir facilities (Landau 78). Iran’s aspirations for becoming a nuclear power began in the year 1974 (Berman 85). At this time, Siemens Kraftwerk Union (KWU) from Germany had secured a contract to put up two turnkey pressurized water reactors. The construction work started in the year 1975 and was scheduled to end in 1981. Shortly after Iran’s Islamic Revolution, the contract was cancelled then restarted after a few years. When the war between Iran and Iraq started, KWU abandoned the project. Russia accepted to take over the contract from KWU in the year 1992. Their construction work began in the year 1995. Moscow later on deserted completion work to propose a new design thus restarting the whole project from the scratch. The project was also interrupted in the year 1998 when the US pressurized Ukraine to renege on its subcontract to supply turbine generators to Bushehr (Podeh 72). The construction plans have continued despite of significant delays on several occasions. R ussia has insisted that it is just fulfilling its obligation to provide nuclear technology that is peaceful to non nuclear signatories. Iran is an oil rich country and for it to build a nuclear power reactor leaves many world leaders worried. Iran recently installed advanced centrifuges near the city of Qom with an aim of cutting uranium enrichment time. The concept of fuel bank has considerable support internationally but does not enjoy universal agreement. Some supporters feel that the bank’